"When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind; it may be the beginning of knowledge, but you have scarcely, in your thoughts, advanced to the stage of science, whatever the matter may be."
Lord Kelvin

Working Papers

Haveri cégek az Orbán rendszerben: árbevétel, profit, hozzáadott érték és osztalékfizetés

Publications, Working Papers, , , ,

 

December 29, 2021

 

Tóth, I. J. és Hajdu, M. 2021.  Haveri cégek az Orbán rendszerben: árbevétel, profit, hozzáadott érték és osztalékfizetés. Magyarországon 2005-2018 között nagy összegű közbeszerzési szerződéseket nyerő cégek mérlegadatainak elemzése. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2021:2. Budapest: CRCB.

Tóth, I. J. & Hajdu, M. 2021. Crony companies in the Orbán regime: net turnover, profit, value-added and dividend payments. Analysis of balance sheet data of companies winning large public procurement contracts in Hungary from 2005 to 2018. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2021:2. Budapest: CRCB.

 

Össszefoglalás

A tanulmányban 2004 és 2018 között read more

Political favoritism in public tenders in Hungary. Analysis of the odds of winning

Publications, Working Papers, , , , ,

 

November 30, 2021

 

Tóth, I. J. and Hajdu, M. 2021. Political favoritism in public tenders in Hungary. Analysis of the odds of winning. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2021:1. Budapest: CRCB.

The paper investigates the crony system in Hungary based on data of more than 227,000 public tenders from 2005 to 2020. The paper’s novelty is the analysis of odds of winning of crony and ordinary companies in public procurement that is a new approach to measure the strength of read more

Factors Affecting the Corruption Risk and Intensity of Competition in Public Procurement at the Level of Local Government

Publications, Working Papers, , , ,

 

December 21, 2020

 
Tóth, I. J. and Hajdu, M. 2020. Factors Affecting the Corruption Risk and Intensity of Competition in Public Procurement at the Level of Local Government. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2020:1. Budapest: CRCB.
 

This paper investigates the level of corruption risk and intensity of competition of public tenders at the municipal level in Hungary. It analyses the relationship of these factors with the level of human capital, economic development, and settlement size. The paper’s novelty is the sub-national level, and that the research is based on microdata (contract level read more

Intensity of Competition, Corruption Risks, and Price Distortion in the Hungarian Public Procurement – 2009-2016

Publications, Working Papers, , , , ,

 

December 29, 2017

 

Tóth, I. J. and Hajdu, M. 2017. Intensity of Competition, Corruption Risks, and Price Distortion in the Hungarian Public Procurement – 2009-2016. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2017:2, CRCB, Budapest.

The report was carried out by CRCB for the European Commission and examines data from Hungarian public procurement in the period between 2009 and 2016. The data of 151,457 contracts were used for the analysis. The analysis focuses on information regarding the read more

Versenyerősség, társadalmi veszteségek és a 25 millió forintos értékhatár rejtélye. 2009-2016 közötti magyar közbeszerzések statisztikai vizsgálata

Publications, Working Papers, , , , ,

 

September 27, 2017

 

Tóth, I. J.  – Hajdu, M. 2017. Versenyerősség, társadalmi veszteségek és a 25 millió forintos értékhatár rejtélye. 2009-2016 közötti magyar közbeszerzések statisztikai vizsgálata / Intensity of Competition, Social Loss and the Enigma of 25 million HUF Threshold. Statistical analysis of Hungarian public procurement in the period of 2009-2016. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2017:1, CRCB, Budapest.

Abstract

In this paper, we present evidence on some unwanted and unexpected effects of the regulation of read more

CRCB-WP/2014:02

Publications, Working Papers

Czibik, Á – Fazekas, M – Tóth, B – Tóth I J: Toolkit for detecting collusive bidding in public procurement. With examples from Hungary. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2014:02.

Across the globe, the exposure of collusive behaviour of companies in procurement markets is predominantly based on qualitative information from firms or individuals involved in collusion. This makes detection rare and titled towards disintegrating bidding rings. Economic analysis, modelling and forecasting have a limited role in this field. However, the increasing availability of large read more

CRCB-WP/2014:01

Publications, Working Papers

Fazekas, M – Tóth, I J: From corruption to state capture:  A new analytical framework with empirical applications from Hungary. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2014:01.
State capture and corruption are widespread phenomena across the globe, but their empirical study is still highly challenging. This paper develops a new conceptual and analytical framework for gauging state capture based on micro-level contractual networks in public procurement. To this end, it first establishes a robust measure of corruption risks in public procurement transactions focusing on relationships between pairs of issuers and suppliers. Second, it searches for read more

CRCB-WP/2013:03

Working Papers

Fazekas, M. – Chvalkovska, J. – Skuhrovec, J. –  Tóth, I. J. – King L. P.: Are EU funds a corruption risk? The impact of EU funds on grand corruption in Central and Eastern Europe. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2013:03.

The paper explores the impact of EU funds on institutionalised grand corruption in public procurement between 2009-2012 in three countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia. We analyse a unique pooled database containing contract-level public procurement information for all three countries. We develop a composite corruption risks indicator based on the incidence and logical structure of ‘red flags’ in read more

CRCB-WP/2013:02

Working Papers

Fazekas, M – Tóth, I. J. – King, L. P.: Anatomy of grand corruption: A composite corruption risk index based on objective data. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2013:02.

This paper develops 30 novel quantitative indicators of grand corruption that operationalize 20 distinct techniques of corruption in the context of public procurement. Each indicator rests on a thorough qualitative understanding of rent extraction from public contracts by corrupt networks as evidenced by academic literature, interviews and media content analysis. Feasibility and usefulness of the proposed indicators are read more

CRCB-WP/2013:01

Working Papers

Fazekas, M. – Tóth, I. J. – King, L. P.: Corruption manual for beginners. “Corruption techniques” in public procurement with examples from Hungary. Working Paper Series: CRCB-WP/2013:01.
This paper develops 30 novel quantitative indicators of grand corruption that operationalize 20 distinct techniques of corruption in the context of public procurement. Each indicator rests on a thorough qualitative understanding of rent extraction from public contracts by corrupt networks as evidenced by academic literature, interviews and media content analysis. Feasibility and usefulness of the proposed indicators are read more